INDUSTRY COMPONENT

Orifice

Precision orifice component for controlled refrigerant flow restriction in expansion valves

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Component Specifications

Definition
A precisely engineered orifice is a critical component in thermal expansion valves (TXVs) that creates a controlled pressure drop to regulate refrigerant flow into the evaporator. This calibrated restriction converts high-pressure liquid refrigerant to low-pressure liquid-vapor mixture through adiabatic expansion, enabling precise metering of refrigerant based on evaporator superheat signals.
Working Principle
The orifice operates on the principle of controlled flow restriction where refrigerant passes through a precisely sized opening, creating a pressure differential. This causes flash evaporation as high-pressure liquid refrigerant expands to lower pressure, with flow rate determined by orifice diameter, upstream pressure, and refrigerant properties according to Bernoulli's principle and continuity equations.
Materials
Stainless steel (AISI 304/316), brass (C36000/C37700), or specialized alloys with corrosion resistance to refrigerants; hardness: 150-250 HB; surface finish: Ra 0.4-0.8 μm
Technical Parameters
  • L/D Ratio 0.5-2.0
  • Tolerance ±0.01 mm
  • Pressure Rating Up to 5000 kPa
  • Orifice Diameter 0.5-3.0 mm
  • Temperature Range -40°C to 150°C
  • Flow Coefficient (Cv) 0.001-0.05
Standards
ISO 5167, ASME B16.36, DIN 1952

Industry Taxonomies & Aliases

Commonly used trade names and technical identifiers for Orifice.

orifice plate expansion valve component refrigerant flow control TXV orifice metering device HVAC components flow restriction pressure drop device Orifice Orifice in Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing

Parent Products

This component is used in the following industrial products

Expansion Valve

A refrigerant flow control device that regulates the amount of liquid refrigerant entering the evaporator.

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Nozzle

A precision component of a cutting torch that directs and shapes the flow of fuel-oxygen mixture for controlled metal cutting.

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Engineering Analysis

Risks & Mitigation
  • Erosion from high-velocity refrigerant flow
  • Clogging from system contaminants
  • Corrosion from moisture or incompatible refrigerants
  • Improper sizing leading to system inefficiency
FMEA Triads
Trigger: Abrasive particles in refrigerant
Failure: Gradual enlargement of orifice diameter
Mitigation: Install high-efficiency filter-driers, maintain proper refrigerant purity, use erosion-resistant materials
Trigger: Moisture contamination
Failure: Corrosion and ice formation at orifice
Mitigation: Ensure proper system dehydration, use desiccants, maintain moisture levels below 50 ppm
Trigger: Improper installation alignment
Failure: Turbulent flow and uneven wear
Mitigation: Follow manufacturer alignment procedures, use proper gaskets/seals, verify perpendicular installation

Industrial Ecosystem

Compatible With

Interchangeable Parts

Compliance & Inspection

Tolerance
Diameter tolerance: ±0.01 mm, Circularity: within 0.005 mm, Surface roughness: Ra 0.4-0.8 μm
Test Method
Flow calibration using ASHRAE 41.9 standards, dimensional verification with coordinate measuring machines (CMM), pressure testing per ISO 5208

Procurement Evaluation Criteria

Not customer reviews or live demand data. These dimensions support RFQ preparation and supplier evaluation.

Technical documentation
4/5
Manufacturing capability
4/5
Inspection readiness
5/5
Supplier transparency
3/5

These scores are example evaluation dimensions, not real customer ratings, country-specific buyer feedback, or live inquiry activity.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the primary function of an orifice in an expansion valve?

The orifice creates a controlled pressure drop that meters refrigerant flow into the evaporator, converting high-pressure liquid to low-pressure liquid-vapor mixture for efficient heat absorption.

How does orifice size affect system performance?

Orifice diameter directly determines refrigerant flow rate. Undersized orifices cause insufficient cooling and high superheat, while oversized orifices lead to flooding, reduced efficiency, and potential compressor damage.

What maintenance is required for orifice components?

Regular inspection for erosion, corrosion, or clogging from contaminants. Replacement is recommended if diameter changes exceed 5% or if visible damage affects flow characteristics.

Can I contact factories directly?

Yes, each factory profile provides direct contact information.

Data Basis

CNFX manufacturer profiles, technical classification, publicly available product information, and ongoing plausibility checks.

Preliminary Technical Classification
This page supports structured research, RFQ preparation, and supplier evaluation. It does not replace buyer-led supplier qualification, standards review, or technical approval.

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