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High-Voltage Diode Component – Electrical Equipment Manufacturing

Component Specifications

Definition

A semiconductor device designed to allow current flow in one direction while blocking reverse current at high voltage levels, specifically engineered for voltage multiplier circuits that generate DC voltages higher than the input AC voltage through cascaded rectification stages.

Working Principle

Operates on PN junction semiconductor physics, where forward bias allows electron-hole recombination for current conduction, while reverse bias creates a depletion region that blocks current flow. In voltage multiplier circuits, multiple diodes work with capacitors in ladder configurations (Cockcroft-Walton, Villard circuits) to progressively add voltage peaks from AC input, achieving voltage multiplication through charge pumping and storage mechanisms.

Materials

Silicon (Si) or silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductor wafer with doped regions, aluminum or gold wire bonding, ceramic or epoxy encapsulation, nickel-plated copper leads, glass passivation layer

Technical Parameters

Capacitance 1-10 pF
Forward Current 100 mA - 5 A
Breakdown Voltage 15-120 kV
Forward Voltage Drop 0.7-1.2 V
Junction Temperature -55°C to +175°C
Reverse Recovery Time 50 ns - 1 μs
Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) 10-100 kV

Standards

IEC 60747, MIL-PRF-19500, JEDEC JESD22

Industry Taxonomies & Aliases

Commonly used trade names and technical identifiers for High-Voltage Diode.

Parent Products

This component is used in the following industrial products

Voltage Multiplier Circuit

An electronic circuit that generates a DC output voltage higher than its AC input voltage through capacitor-diode networks.

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Engineering Analysis

Risks & Mitigation

Dielectric breakdown under overvoltage
Thermal runaway from excessive current
Partial discharge in contaminated environments
Mechanical stress cracking from thermal cycling

FMEA Triads

Trigger: Voltage transients exceeding PIV rating
Failure: Catastrophic junction breakdown
Mitigation: Implement snubber circuits, use diodes with 20% voltage margin, install surge protection devices

Trigger: Insufficient heat sinking
Failure: Thermal runaway and permanent damage
Mitigation: Calculate thermal resistance, use proper heatsinks, monitor junction temperature with sensors

Trigger: Contamination on diode surface
Failure: Surface tracking and insulation failure
Mitigation: Apply conformal coating, maintain clean environment, use hermetically sealed packages

Industrial Ecosystem

Compatible With

Interchangeable Parts

Compliance & Inspection

Tolerance

±5% on breakdown voltage, ±10% on forward voltage

Test Method

IEC 60747-1 for semiconductor devices, reverse bias leakage current measured at 80% of rated voltage, high-potential testing per IEC 61010

Procurement Evaluation Criteria

Not customer reviews or live demand data. These dimensions support RFQ preparation and supplier evaluation.

Technical documentation

4/5

Manufacturing capability

4/5

Inspection readiness

5/5

Supplier transparency

3/5

These scores are example evaluation dimensions, not real customer ratings, country-specific buyer feedback, or live inquiry activity.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main difference between standard diodes and high-voltage diodes?

High-voltage diodes have thicker depletion regions and specialized construction to withstand reverse voltages from 10kV to over 100kV, compared to standard diodes typically rated below 1kV. They feature graded junctions, field plates, and passivation layers to prevent voltage breakdown.

Why are voltage multiplier circuits important in industrial applications?

They enable generation of high DC voltages from lower AC inputs without bulky transformers, essential for X-ray equipment, electrostatic precipitators, laser power supplies, and particle accelerators where compact high-voltage sources are required.

How does temperature affect high-voltage diode performance?

Increased temperature reduces breakdown voltage (negative temperature coefficient) and increases leakage current. Silicon carbide diodes maintain better high-temperature performance than silicon diodes due to wider bandgap.

Can I contact factories directly?

Yes, each factory profile provides direct contact information.

Data Basis

CNFX manufacturer profiles, technical classification, publicly available product information, and ongoing plausibility checks.

Preliminary Technical Classification

This page supports structured research, RFQ preparation, and supplier evaluation. It does not replace buyer-led supplier qualification, standards review, or technical approval.

High-Voltage Diode