INDUSTRY COMPONENT

Varactor Diode

Varactor diode is a semiconductor device with voltage-dependent capacitance used for electronic tuning in voltage-controlled oscillators.

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Component Specifications

Definition
A varactor diode, also known as a varicap or tuning diode, is a specialized semiconductor diode designed to exploit the voltage-dependent capacitance of a reverse-biased p-n junction. Its capacitance varies inversely with the applied reverse voltage, making it essential for frequency modulation, phase-locked loops, and tuning circuits in communication systems.
Working Principle
The varactor diode operates on the principle of a reverse-biased p-n junction, where the depletion region width changes with applied voltage, altering the junction capacitance. In a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), this capacitance variation adjusts the resonant frequency of the LC tank circuit, enabling precise electronic frequency control without mechanical components.
Materials
Silicon (Si) or Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) semiconductor wafers with doped regions (p-type and n-type), metal contacts (aluminum or gold), and ceramic or plastic packaging.
Technical Parameters
  • Q Factor 50-200 at 1 MHz
  • Package Type SMD (e.g., SOD-323, SOT-23)
  • Tuning Ratio 2:1 to 10:1
  • Reverse Voltage 1-30 V
  • Capacitance Range 1-100 pF
  • Operating Temperature -55°C to +125°C
Standards
IEC 60747, JEDEC JESD22

Industry Taxonomies & Aliases

Commonly used trade names and technical identifiers for Varactor Diode.

varactor diode varicap tuning diode voltage-controlled oscillator VCO electronic tuning RF component semiconductor diode Varactor Diode in Computer, Electronic and Optical Product Manufacturing

Parent Products

This component is used in the following industrial products

Voltage-Controlled Oscillator

An electronic oscillator whose oscillation frequency is controlled by an input voltage.

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Resonant Circuit

An electronic circuit that naturally oscillates at a specific resonant frequency determined by its inductance and capacitance components.

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Voltage Controlled Oscillator

An electronic oscillator whose oscillation frequency is controlled by an input voltage.

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Engineering Analysis

Risks & Mitigation
  • Thermal drift affecting capacitance stability
  • Voltage overstress leading to breakdown
  • Manufacturing defects causing parameter variations
FMEA Triads
Trigger: Excessive reverse voltage
Failure: Junction breakdown and permanent damage
Mitigation: Implement voltage clamping circuits and adhere to specified voltage limits.
Trigger: High operating temperature
Failure: Capacitance drift and reduced tuning accuracy
Mitigation: Use thermal management and select diodes with low temperature coefficients.

Industrial Ecosystem

Compatible With

Interchangeable Parts

Compliance & Inspection

Tolerance
Capacitance tolerance typically ±5% to ±20%, depending on grade
Test Method
Capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurement at specified frequencies and temperatures per IEC 60747 standards.

Procurement Evaluation Criteria

Not customer reviews or live demand data. These dimensions support RFQ preparation and supplier evaluation.

Technical documentation
4/5
Manufacturing capability
4/5
Inspection readiness
5/5
Supplier transparency
3/5

These scores are example evaluation dimensions, not real customer ratings, country-specific buyer feedback, or live inquiry activity.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main function of a varactor diode in a VCO?

It provides voltage-dependent capacitance to electronically adjust the oscillator's frequency, enabling stable and tunable signal generation.

How does reverse voltage affect a varactor diode?

Increasing reverse voltage widens the depletion region, reducing capacitance, which allows precise frequency control in tuning applications.

Can I contact factories directly?

Yes, each factory profile provides direct contact information.

Data Basis

CNFX manufacturer profiles, technical classification, publicly available product information, and ongoing plausibility checks.

Preliminary Technical Classification
This page supports structured research, RFQ preparation, and supplier evaluation. It does not replace buyer-led supplier qualification, standards review, or technical approval.

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