M.2 Slot

The M.2 slot, formerly known as Next Generation Form Factor (NGFF), is a standardized internal expansion interface designed for motherboards and other computing devices. It supports multiple protocols including PCI Express (PCIe) and SATA, enabling direct connection of SSDs, Wi-Fi cards, Bluetooth modules, and other peripherals without cables. The interface features a compact form factor with keying notches (B-key, M-key, or B+M) that determine supported protocols and device types. M.2 slots support various lengths (2230, 2242, 2260, 2280, 22110) and widths, with thermal management considerations for high-performance devices.

The M.2 slot operates by providing direct electrical and mechanical connection between the motherboard and M.2 devices through edge connectors. It utilizes PCIe lanes for high-speed data transfer (up to PCIe 4.0 x4 or PCIe 5.0 x4) or SATA interface for compatibility with older standards. The slot's keying system prevents incompatible devices from being installed, while the screw mounting mechanism ensures secure physical attachment. Data transmission occurs through differential signaling pairs, with power delivery managed through the connector pins.