Analog Multiplexer (MUX)

An analog multiplexer is a solid-state electronic switching device used in industrial automation to sequentially connect multiple analog input signals (such as voltage or current from sensors) to a single analog-to-digital converter (ADC) or processing unit. It functions as a multi-position switch controlled by digital address lines, enabling efficient signal acquisition in data acquisition systems by reducing the number of required ADCs and simplifying wiring.

The analog multiplexer operates by using digital control signals to select one of several analog input channels. Internally, it contains an array of electronic switches (typically MOSFET or CMOS transistors) that connect the selected input to a common output line. When a specific binary address is applied to the control pins, the corresponding switch closes, allowing the analog signal from that channel to pass through while other channels remain isolated, preventing signal interference.